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Εξελίξεις, νέα και ειδήσεις από το χώρο της κατάδυσης

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Παλιά 21-11-07, 02:10
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Thanos Thanos is offline
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Εγγραφή: 17-04-2007
Μηνύματα: 1.339
Τι τρώγανε οι Αρχαίοι Έλληνες;;

Την απάντηση σε αυτό το ερώτημα προσπαθούνε να δώσουν οι επιστήμονες απο τα ευρήματα τους σε ναυάγιο στην Χίο το 2005.


Παράθεση:
CSI Deep Water: Finding Invisible Clues to Ancient Greek Culture
October 31, 2007

Like forensic investigators hunting for strands of DNA at a crime scene, Maria Hansson and Brendan Foley have found a way to detect archaeological clues that are invisible to the naked eye. Hansson, a molecular biologist from Lund University (and former postdoctoral scholar at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), and Foley, a deep-sea archaeologist with joint appointments at WHOI and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, have developed a genetic technique to determine the original contents of amphoras, the ceramic vessels often used for transporting and storing goods in the ancient world.

Foley was co-leader of a 2005 expedition with the Hellenic Ministry of Culture and the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research to survey a 2,400-year-old shipwreck off the Greek island of Chios. Foley’s Greek colleagues recovered two amphoras from the wreck, each of which appeared to be empty—cleaned out by seafloor creatures and microbes over the centuries. But Hansson suggested that perhaps modern DNA sampling techniques could be used to detect residues of the original contents. They scraped the insides of the amphoras, performed DNA analysis, and found genetic traces of olive oil, oregano, and mastic (an ancient wine preservative). The technique promises to teach researchers more about what crops and foodstuffs were traded in the ancient Mediterranean, as well as when, where, and to whom they were traded. The findings have been published on the web site of the Journal of Archeological Science, with a printed version expected in the coming months.
Foley and Hansson are now proposing to examine as many as 40 amphoras in the Greek collection. Foley is also working with colleagues at MIT and WHOI’s Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Department to develop technologies that could allow marine archaeologists to detect the chemical composition of seafloor remains without having to raise them out of the water or disturb the sites.
Πηγή: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Παράθεση:
Old salad days
A 2400-year-old shipwreck in the Mediterranean has thrown up a fascinating nugget of information about the ancient Greeks' culinary habits.

While, according to Shakespeare, Queen Cleopatra was mourning her own youthful "salad days" in which "green judgment" had led to a regretted affair with Julius Caesar, her people it seems, were tucking into real salads of unbounded satisfaction.

DNA analysis of the inner surfaces of two amphoras, recovered in 2005 from the wreck of a trader lying in 70m of water off the Agean Greek island of Chios, has established that, while one probably held wine, the other contained olives and oregano.

The oregano would almost certainly have been mixed in with the olives, giving a distinctive flavour. This would have enhanced salads and other foods eaten raw, along with a number of fried dishes. The oregano would also have helped to preserve the oil during shipment and subsequent storage.

The recoveries and research were carried out by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts, USA. Researcher Brendan Foley told US media that the find had established that Chios' agricultural production at that time "might have been more sophisticated than we've suspected". It had been thought that the island produced only wine.

It is hoped that the breakthrough DNA analysis technique - in which the original content of a seemingly empty amphora can be identified - will help build a more accurate picture of regional production and trade, as artefacts from other wrecks are studied. The research team is to analyse several dozen more amphoras recovered from a number of wrecks in the Aegean region.

"We can see what crops were grown where and when, and this will give us an entirely new look at the ancient economy," said Foley. "We can see what they were growing, what they were eating and how they prepared and preserved foods."

A project report, completed by Foley and colleague Maria Hansson of Sweden's Lund University, is to appear in the Journal of Archaeological Science.
Πηγή: Divernet
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